Cooling system for gas engines



Oct. 11, 1927. 1,645,188

H. J. EDWARDS COOLING SYSTEM FR GAS ENGINESv Filed Nov. 1e, 1925 2 sheets-sheer 1,

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HENRY J. EbwFlRns oct. 11,1927. A1,645,188 H.`J. EDWARDS COOLINGV SYSTEM FOR GAS ENGINES Filedinov. 1e, 1925 I 2 sheets-snee: 2

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IN VEN TOR.

` ATT NEY Patented Oct. 11, 1927.

PATENT OFFICE. 'A

i HENRY J. EDWARDS, OF ELYRIA, OHIO, ASSIGNOR `'.I'.O THE -WILLYS-OVERLAND COM- PANY, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

COOLING SYSTEM FOR'- GASA ENGINES.

- Application filed November 16, 1925. `Serial No. 69,351.

This invention relates Yto internal'combustion engines and more particularly to cooling systems for internal combustion engines of the depressed head type.

One of the objects of the invention: is toprovide an engine with cooling jackets in which the flow of the cooling medium is directed toward the heated surfaces.

Another object of the invention is to prom vide a cooling system for the'heads of an internal combustion engine, in which the cooling medium is directed downwardly toward the hottest portions of the head. Another object of the invention is to provide a cylinder head for an internal combus` tion engine in which stagnation of the cooling medium is eliminated.

Another object of the invention is to provide a cooling system for the heads of an internal combustion engine wherein the cooling medium is caused to flow across the hottest portions of the heads by partitions forming deflectors that direct the cooling medium t0- ward the heated surfaces.

A further object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine with a head that. will be of substantially uniform temperature throu hout its exposed surface.

Other objects wil appear from thedescription to follow, covering certain embodiments of the invention, which, for the purposes of the present application, I have illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure I is a sectional side elevation of a portion of an internal combustion engine embodyin the improved cooling system, the direction of the cooling medium iow being indicated by an arrow. v

. Fig. II is a transverse sectional elevation of the portion of the engine shown in Fig. I

illustrating the direction ofthe cooling U tion w1th both cylinder jacket 4 and head medium flow about the cylinder head.

Fig. III is a plan view of a portion of the engine with the cylinder .cover removed, showing the cylinder cooling jacket outlets to the s ace formed by the cover. Fig. llV is a horizontal sectional view taken substantially on line IV-IV of Fig. I illustrating the direction taken by the cool Gil ing medium in its passage to and from the has been selected to illustrate the invention as it presents cooling difficulties not present in the conventional poppet valve engine, but the invention is not `limited to a particular class of engines and may be adapted to any engine having a circulatory cooling system. Surrounding the cylinder wall 2 of engine 1 is a second wall 3 which is spaced from wall 2 and encloses a space 4 for a cooling medium, which space and confining walls is hereinafter called the cooling jacket. Openings 7 are provided at the upper end of jacket 4 which are of suiicient size to permit the major portion of the cooling medium to pass through them. Each cylinder is provided with an opening 7 so as to distribute the Water evenly to the separate cylinder walls 2. All openings 7 are on one and the same side ot'the longitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axes for a purpose hereinafter explained. 1 Within the cylinder walls 2 are sleeve valves 8 and 9 and Within inner sleeve 9 reciprocates piston 10. The upper end of sleeve 9 is closed by a depending head 11 secured to cylinder wall 2 by studs 12 and nuts 13, a compression ring 14 serving to maintain a gas tight joint between the sleeve 9 and head 11. An annular cooling space 15 is provided in the head which is open at the top and extends downwardly below the top of cylinder wall 2, so as to allow the cooling medium to reach the heated wall 16 of the head. A partition 17 is provided within cooling space 15 which extends longitudinally of the engine and divides space 15 into two compartments as shown in Fig. III. Openings 18 are formed in.partition 17 at the lower portion thereof adjacent the heated head wall 16. A cover V19 encloses the cylinder and head and forms therewith cooling space 2O in communicay dle thereof, except where interrupted by the spark plug openings, and has its lower edge adjacent or contiguous with partitions 170i. heads 11. Partitions 17 of adjacent cylinder heads are preferably of the same height and in mutual contact as shown in Fig. III so that-flange 26 divides the cooling space above the heads into two compartments extending the full length of the engine. Outlet 27 is formed in the cover 19 .on the side of flange 26 opposite to that covering the openings 7 and directs the cooling medium to the radiator (not shown).

Cylinder heads of all internal combustion en ines because of their subjection to the higest temperatures of the engine are usually diiiicult to cool, and sleeve valve engines because of their depending heads usually present greater diiiiculties. The 4cooling spaces in the depressed .heads are below the tops of thecylinders and consequently are not Within the natural stream lines of the circulating cooling medium.

' My invention eliminates the troubles previously experienced, by includin the head spaces Within the natural flow lines of the coolin medium. The engine structure describe herein provides cooling spaces wherein any cooling medium such as water is circulated in the direction of the arrows by pump 5 drawing its supply from the-radiator (not shown) through pump inlet 28 and passage 29. Pump 5 is engine driven through pulley 6 b any suitable/means suchv as a belt, (not s own) connected to the crankshaft (not shown). The cooling medium is delivered to cooling jacket 4 through pump outlet passage 30 and passes upwardly around cylinder walls 2 transversely between c linders, and through openings 7 at one side of the engine into cover space l20. Flange 26 and partition 17 prevents its free sweep across the top of head 1l and it must descend to the bottom of spaces 15, pass through openings 18, up the other side of the partition and from thence to cover space outlet 27. The coolin medium after leaving outlet 27 is delivere to the radiator (not shown) and recirculated by the pump 5.

Provision against the accumulation in the jacket 4 of steam or other ases is secured by small openings 31 whic are not large enough to accommodate the whole volume circulated by the pump 5 and do not materially affect the general circulation. Small siphon tubes 32 may be added in order to drain the head space l5 but their use neither adds nor detracts from the operation of the im roved cooling system.

t may be readily seen from the foregoing description that I have provided a cooling s stem for an internal combustion engine in w ich the cylinder head is cooled'V by a direct flow of the cooling medium and that the reviously existing pockets of comparative y stagnant medium have been eliminated.

While I have illustrated and described somewhat in detail, certain embodiments of my invention, it is to be understood that this showing and description are illustrative only, and that I do not regard the invention as limited to the details of construction illustrated and described, except in so far as I have included such limitations withinrthe terms ofy the following claims, .in which it is my intention to claimall novelty inherent inuthe invention, broadly as well as specifica y. f

I claim as my invention:

1. In a circulatory cooling system for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, a cylinder head for said cylinder, a cooling space above said head, a

radial partition having an opening therein within said space adjacent the head and a cover for said head having a depending ilange co-operating with said partition for directing a cooling medium toward a heated surface of said head.

2. In a circulatory cooling system for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, a head therefor, means for providing a cooling space above said head, a cooling jacket about said cylinder having an opening into said space arranged at one side of the longitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axis, said opening being of sufficient size to accommodate the major portion of a cooling medium' circulated through said jacket, and a decidedly smaller opening on the opposite side of said plane for permitting the passage of gases from said jacket to said space.

3. In a circulatory cooling system for an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders arranged with their axes parallel and in the same plane, heads within said cylinders, said heads having coolin spaces with radial partitions therein, sai partitions of adjacent cylinders bein contiguous and extending longitudinally o the engine, a cover forming a cooling chamber above said heads, and co-operating with said contiguous partitions to divide said cooling chamber into divisions extending longitudinally of the engine. f

4. In a circulatory cooling system for an internal combustion engine the combination of a plurality of cylinders, heads therefor, having annular cooling spaces, radial partitions within said spaces, said partitions of adjacent heads being contiguous and extending longitudinally of the engine, a cover secured to said cyllnders andforming a cooling chamber above said heads, and a depending flange on the under side of said cover arranged to co-act withsaid contiguous partitions for dividing said chamber longitudinally of the engine.

5. In a circulatory cooling system for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a pluralit of cylinders, heads therefor having ann ar cooling spaces, cooling jackets about said cylinders, said jackets having means for directing the major portion of a cooling medium upwardly and to one side of the longitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axes, radial partitions having o enings within said head cooling spaces, sai partitions of adjacent cylinders being contiguous and extending longitudinally of the engine and a cover secured to said cylinders co-operating with said partitions to directa cooling medium toward the heated surfaces of said heads.

6. In a circulating cooling system for an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a cylinder head extending below the upper end of said cylinder, a cooling space about said head extending below the upper end of said cylinder, a radial partition, within said space projecting upwardly from the external surface of said head and having an openin adjacent said surface, and a cover secure to the cylinder over said head and yhaving a depending flange co-operatng with said partition for directing a cooling medium through said opening.

7. In a circulatory cooling system for au internal combustion engine, the combination of an engine cylinder7 a cylinder lhead secured thereto, a. cooling space about said head extending downwardly below the-upper end ofl said cylinder, a radial partitionv Within said space extending longitudinally of said engine and upwardly to a point adjacent the upper end of said water sp'ace, a cover secure to the cylinder over said head and having a depending flange substantially meeting said partition for directing a cooljlngdmedium toward a heated surface of said 8. In a circulatory cooling system for an internal combustion engine,a cylinder hav ing a surrounding cooling jacket with outlet openings at the upper end thereof, said openings having a large area on one side of the longitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axis and a smaller area on the otherl side thereof," a head within the cylinder and means for directing a cooling medium discharged through the large openings toward the heated surface of said head.

9. In a circulatory cooling system for an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having a surrounding cooling jacket with outlet openings at the upper end thereof, said openings having a small area on one side of the longitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axis and a larger area on the other side thereof,a head for said cylin! der, a cooling space above said head in communication with saidoutletv openings of the cooling jacket and a deector in said space extending longitudinally of the engine above said head and having a passageway therein, whereby a cooling medium may be directed toward the heated surface of said head.

In testimony whereof, I aix my signature. v

' HENRY J. EDWARDS. 

